暑假的收獲精選(九篇)

前言：一篇好文章的誕生，需要你不斷地搜集資料、整理思路，本站小編為你收集了豐富的暑假的收獲主題范文，僅供參考，歡迎閱讀并收藏。

第1篇：暑假的收獲范文

什么是牛奶？牛奶就是小牛犢每天吃的香甜的飯；什么是健康？健康就是不生病。我喜歡香醇的牛奶，更喜歡健康快樂地生活。

“早一杯，晚一杯，常喝牛奶身體好。”媽媽總是這樣對我說，她說：“早上喝一杯牛奶可以提精神，一天都有勁；晚上喝一杯牛奶能讓你很快進(jìn)入夢想，睡個好覺！”雖然媽媽總是要求我多喝牛奶，可我以前從來都不主動喝，因為我想我都10歲了，怎么還能像小嬰兒似的天天喝奶呢，讓人多笑話呀。這個暑假我在家看了一期中央電視臺的《健康之路》節(jié)目，有兩個健康專家向觀眾們介紹牛奶對人的好處，他們說：牛奶里面含有和人體很接近的優(yōu)質(zhì)蛋白質(zhì)，含有的25種氨基酸是其他任何一種動物性食物都無法比擬的。牛奶還含有很豐富的鈣，而且是最容易被人體所吸收的。其他益處還包括比如睡前喝牛奶有益于睡眠，美國科學(xué)家還提出牛奶可以預(yù)防腫瘤等疾病。牛奶里面含有的抗體可以增加人體的抵抗力，經(jīng)常喝牛奶可以增加免疫力。除了講解外，專家還讓觀眾看了他們的試驗：就是跟蹤調(diào)查北京地區(qū)的中小學(xué)生，喝牛奶的孩子在骨骼發(fā)育和身高明顯高與不喝的孩子?？戳诉@個節(jié)目，我嚇了一大跳，原來我個子矮都是因為以前不愛喝牛奶。

從那天開始，我每天早晚都主動到冰箱里取牛奶，喝完牛奶再做別的事情，媽媽說這是我本次暑假里的最大收獲。

第2篇：暑假的收獲范文

我在這個暑假里收獲很多，可以說是一籮又一籮。

放暑假了，我不用去上學(xué)，自已掌握的時間就更多了。我不像其它的小朋友那樣玩電腦、看電視……而是去學(xué)一些課外知識。我參加了奧數(shù)班，英語班、游泳班.而且還到一位老師家學(xué)習(xí)寫作呢。雖然每天的時間都安排得滿滿的，但我一點也不覺得辛苦，反而過得很充實。我覺得自已解答數(shù)學(xué)題的能力增強了；積累的英語單詞量更加豐富了；作文的表達(dá)能力也有了一定的提高；游泳的技能更是得到了飛速的進(jìn)步。

我最大的收獲是觀看奧運節(jié)目。我利用休息的時間來打開電視，看奧運節(jié)目。我從電視里看見了許多出色的運動員，他們拿了很多獎牌，當(dāng)記者問他們拿到了這枚金牌，想說些什么的時候，運動員們就會說：“我為了拿這枚金牌，付出了許多汗水和許多精力。我覺得想要取得成功就一定要付出努力。”他們的話讓我思考了很久很久。

第3篇：暑假的收獲范文

這個假期我對我們阜新市清河門的佰特英語輔導(dǎo)學(xué)校進(jìn)行了一次社會調(diào)查，主要是針對他們的完善教學(xué)模式做一下了解，進(jìn)而學(xué)習(xí)他們的方式方法，不僅鍛煉了自己同時也受益匪淺。從佰特人身上我深刻的體會到了一種精神，那就是堅持的精神。

從小到大我們一直在用“堅持”二字激勵自己，當(dāng)我們學(xué)習(xí)困乏時，我們需要堅持；當(dāng)我們長跑時，我們需堅持；當(dāng)我們接近成功卻要放棄時，我們需要堅持......堅持無處不在，在某種程度上講它是我們的精神支柱，今天我明白只要堅持，我們一定能行！

曾經(jīng)看到過這樣一個故事。

新生開學(xué)。

“今天只學(xué)一件最容易的事情，每人把胳膊盡量往前甩，然后再盡量往后甩，每天做300下?！崩蠋熣f。

一個月以后有90％人堅持。

又過一個月有僅剩80％。

一年以后，老師問：“每天還堅持300下的請舉手！”整個教室里，只有一個人舉手，他后來成為了世界上偉大的哲學(xué)家。

這是個真實的故事，讓我們記住他的名子吧!他就是柏拉圖，一個偉大的哲學(xué)家。

從這個故事中可以發(fā)現(xiàn)：成功沒有秘訣，貴在堅持不懈。任何偉大的事業(yè)，成于堅持不懈，毀于半途而廢。其實，世間最容易的事是堅持，最難的，也是堅持。說它容易，是因為只要愿意，人人都能做到；說它難，是因為能真正堅持下來的，終究只是少數(shù)人。巴斯德有句名言“告訴你使我達(dá)到目標(biāo)的奧秘吧，我唯一的力量就是我的堅持精神?！?/p>

大學(xué)來到學(xué)校參加工作以來，亦曾有過放棄的念頭，但總被他們的執(zhí)著和堅持感動。曾在《我的期貨夢想》中看到“我喜歡期貨的神奇和魔力，經(jīng)過無數(shù)綠肥紅瘦的日子，前方的路充滿荊棘和考驗，堅持不懈才會有夢想和希望。”如今的我，也在努力并堅持著，不過是想做得更好而已。

人的一生又何嘗不是如此？從“昨夜西風(fēng)調(diào)碧樹，獨上高樓，望盡天涯路。”到“衣帶漸寬終不悔，為伊消得人憔悴。”再到“眾里尋她千百度，驀然回首，那人卻在燈火闌珊處?！倍紤?yīng)該堅持，堅持生命的困惑、領(lǐng)悟和真諦。只有如此，在你到暮年的時候，細(xì)細(xì)回想起來，才會覺得沒有虛度曾經(jīng)美好的年華，才會覺得自己的整個生命都充滿價值。

第4篇：暑假的收獲范文

【關(guān)鍵詞】高溫爆裂；鋼筋性能；檢測加固

1.概況

某大型地下室工程，建筑面積約13800m2，框剪結(jié)構(gòu)。工人用氧氣切割地下一層擋土墻內(nèi)側(cè)上的拉桿時，切割引起的火星及灼熱鋼筋頭，從混凝土板預(yù)留洞口落到地下二層用于覆蓋混凝土的棉被上，引起火災(zāi)持續(xù)約1小時左右，消防車到現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行緊急救援。

2.工程受損情況

由于混凝土各組成材料的熱膨脹性能不同，在溫度較高的情況下，水泥石脫水收縮，而骨料受熱膨脹，使混凝土產(chǎn)生很大的內(nèi)應(yīng)力，破壞水泥與骨料之間的粘結(jié)。而鋼材的耐火性能差，當(dāng)溫度達(dá)500℃時，強度僅為設(shè)計強度的50%左右，當(dāng)溫度達(dá)700℃及以上時，強度僅為設(shè)計強度的5～10%。隨鋼筋和混凝土溫度升高，混凝土抗拉強度及混凝土和鋼筋之間的粘結(jié)力顯著降低。鑒于現(xiàn)場火災(zāi)的持續(xù)時間、分布范圍、可燃物特性、通風(fēng)條件、滅火過程等對火災(zāi)區(qū)域進(jìn)行溫度推斷，本次火場最高溫度約為930℃。

當(dāng)用水撲滅時，結(jié)構(gòu)表面急劇冷卻在其表面形成很大的收縮應(yīng)力，混凝土表面首先出現(xiàn)裂縫，進(jìn)而使結(jié)構(gòu)變得酥松，強度減低，產(chǎn)生許多由外向內(nèi)的裂紋，導(dǎo)致混凝土爆裂、表面酥松及鋼筋外露。

3.檢測情況

3.1結(jié)構(gòu)材料性能檢測

⑴鋼筋力學(xué)性能檢測：由于火災(zāi)造成基礎(chǔ)梁側(cè)及負(fù)一層頂板的板底混凝土大面積剝落，鋼筋外露，經(jīng)取樣檢驗，受災(zāi)后所取鋼筋的屈服強度、抗拉強度及斷后伸長率雖滿足規(guī)范要求，但屈服強度均有所下降，最大的達(dá)到3.4%，抗拉強度平均下降了12.2%，實測屈服強度與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的屈服強度特征值之比不滿足GB1499.2-2007要求。

⑵混凝土強度檢測：根椐工程建筑結(jié)構(gòu)類型及現(xiàn)場實際情況，依據(jù)相關(guān)國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、采用回彈-鉆芯取樣綜合法對該工程柱、梁、板進(jìn)行隨機抽樣檢測，發(fā)現(xiàn)部分混凝土強度等級不滿足設(shè)計要求，主要原因是回彈法與鉆芯取樣未在同一個側(cè)面，且地下室溫度偏低、混凝土日平均溫度累計遠(yuǎn)小于600℃.d：

4.加固方案及注意事項

4.1對受火構(gòu)件采取增大截面處理的方法進(jìn)行加固，局部混凝土剝落的構(gòu)件進(jìn)行鑿除處理后待混凝土表面完全干燥，用環(huán)氧樹脂水泥砂漿進(jìn)行抹壓平整。

4.2進(jìn)行表面處理的部位，在施工前必須清理干凈且基層必須干燥，嚴(yán)格控制原材料質(zhì)量，按照混凝土配合比進(jìn)行施工，確?；炷翉姸?。

4.3對植筋經(jīng)拉拔試驗合格后方可進(jìn)行下一道工序，并提供拉拔檢測合格報告。組織專人進(jìn)行監(jiān)督施工，嚴(yán)格工序交接，符合驗收程序。

5.方案實施

將火災(zāi)區(qū)域的受火構(gòu)件分為梁板柱三種需要加固的情況。

5.1梁板加固

其操作工藝為：鑿除清洗鉆孔清孔注膠植筋固化鋼筋綁扎模板支設(shè)混凝土澆筑拆模強度檢測驗證。具體操作方法為：

⑴鑿除：用手錘、釘子鑿除板松散、過火損壞的混凝土至新鮮、堅實的混凝土基面，不得用力過猛，避免造成構(gòu)件二次損傷。

⑵清洗：用高壓水清洗混凝土表面。

⑶鉆孔、注膠、植筋等：在受火樓板面鉆孔，孔徑Φ100mm、梅花形布置、間距1000mm，鉆孔時應(yīng)不損壞樓板鋼筋；沿框梁受火面按間距不大于100mm進(jìn)行沖擊鉆植筋孔，深度以梁箍筋直徑的15倍，用吹風(fēng)噴嘴清孔至無塵后注膠固化，經(jīng)拉拉拔檢驗合格為宜，植筋設(shè)直角彎頭。

⑷鋼筋綁扎：綁扎原梁箍筋同規(guī)格、直徑鋼筋，間距不大于100mm。若梁底筋受損嚴(yán)重還要在梁底植相同規(guī)格、直徑鋼筋，梁截面寬度增加100mm，高度增加100mm。

⑸模板支設(shè)：在梁、板經(jīng)鑿除后板下層鋼筋網(wǎng)外緣下50mm處支設(shè)梁、板模板，模板應(yīng)清理干凈并充分澆水濕潤并認(rèn)真添堵縫隙，減少漏漿。

⑹混凝土澆筑：采用比原設(shè)計梁板混凝土高一個強度等級的同性能細(xì)石混凝土或自密實混凝土澆筑，嚴(yán)格控制坍落度及擴(kuò)散度，采用微型振動棒進(jìn)行振搗，同時安排專人隨混凝土流淌進(jìn)展部位不斷敲擊模板，確?；炷敛话l(fā)生漏振或孔洞，并留取同條件試塊，以隨時掌握混凝土強度增長情況。

⑺拆模：待混凝土強度達(dá)100%后，進(jìn)行模板拆除，后現(xiàn)場清理。

⑻強度檢測驗證：采用回彈儀進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場檢測，確保強度滿足設(shè)計要求。

5.2柱加固

其操作工藝為：鑿除清洗鉆孔清孔注膠植筋固化鋼筋綁扎模板支設(shè)混凝土澆筑拆模強度檢測驗證。具體操作方法為：

⑴鑿除：用手錘、釘子鑿除柱松散、過火損壞的混凝土至新鮮、堅實的混凝土基面，深度滿足未碳化混凝土層深度且確保原有柱子箍筋全部外露，不得用力過猛，造成構(gòu)件二次損傷。

⑵清洗：用高壓水清洗混凝土表面。

⑶鉆孔、注膠、植筋等：將柱子截面四邊均加大100mm，按照原有柱主筋直徑及間距沿增大截面后柱四周均布，用沖擊鉆鉆孔；植筋深度以柱筋直徑的15倍為宜用吹風(fēng)噴嘴清孔至無塵后注膠固化，經(jīng)拉拉拔檢驗合格后進(jìn)行箍筋綁扎；箍筋直徑、間距同被加固柱箍筋間距。對附墻柱應(yīng)增大外露截面尺寸長邊200mm、短邊100mm，按照原有柱截面主筋直徑間距沿增大截面均布，用沖擊鉆鉆孔植筋，進(jìn)入頂板深度以板厚的2/3為宜。

⑷鋼筋綁扎：綁扎柱鋼筋，規(guī)格、規(guī)格同原柱。

⑸模板支設(shè)：沿柱子周圍搭設(shè)支撐架，支撐間距不大于300mm且與支撐架相連成整體；沿模板高度方向設(shè)置澆筑混凝土口共四個沿柱子側(cè)面對稱布置，寬度300mm，高度250mm。鋼筋綁扎完后支設(shè)柱模板，并充分澆水濕潤。

⑹混凝土澆筑：采用比原設(shè)計柱混凝土高一個強度等級的同性能細(xì)石混凝土或自密實混凝土澆筑，嚴(yán)格控制坍落度不小于200mm，選用微型振動棒振搗，連續(xù)澆筑不間斷，確?；炷撩軐崱Ｍ瑫r安排專人不斷敲擊模板，確保混凝土不發(fā)生漏振或孔洞，并留取同條件試塊不少于3組，以掌握混凝土強度增長情況。

⑺拆模：澆筑完12h后進(jìn)行模板拆除，塑料薄膜覆蓋養(yǎng)護(hù)、專人持續(xù)養(yǎng)護(hù)不少于7天。

⑻強度檢測驗證：采用回彈儀進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場檢測，確保強度滿足設(shè)計要求。

6.安全措施

6.1地下室的光線必須充足，除作業(yè)面外還有進(jìn)出地下室通道的光線。

6.2加強通風(fēng)效果，減低安全隱患。

6.3專人清理施工道路及作業(yè)區(qū)內(nèi)的垃圾，尤其是地面上的鋼筋頭等，防止造成人員跌倒受傷及材料損失。

6.4安檢員定期巡查，及時排除各類安全隱患。

7.結(jié)語

按照上述方法實施加固后，經(jīng)檢測混凝土強度以達(dá)到設(shè)計要求，效果良好。應(yīng)加強現(xiàn)場施工管理，加大現(xiàn)場安全檢查力度，現(xiàn)場動火前必須辦理動火令，做到動火地點清、動火監(jiān)督強、動火情況明。一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi)，應(yīng)盡早進(jìn)入進(jìn)入現(xiàn)場了解情況，采取有效措施減少損失，降低因撲救不及時致火災(zāi)蔓延造成更大損失的幾率。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1] 劉利先，時旭東，過鎮(zhèn)海.增大截面法加固高溫?fù)p傷鋼筋混凝土壓彎構(gòu)件承載力和變形的計算[J].工業(yè)建筑.2005（S1）

第5篇：暑假的收獲范文

“金融期貨之父”梅拉梅德給中國股指期貨投資者的建議是：培訓(xùn)培訓(xùn)再培訓(xùn)。而有中國股指期貨“教科書”之稱的劉仲元給投資者的建議是：學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)再學(xué)習(xí)。

“作為金融衍生品，股指期貨是非常有效的產(chǎn)品，但在擴(kuò)大收益可能性的同時，也擴(kuò)大了風(fēng)險的可能性。所以在對股指期貨完全了解之前，不要貿(mào)然進(jìn)入到這個市場。而在進(jìn)入市場之前，一定要學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)再學(xué)習(xí)?！眲⒅僭辉購娬{(diào)“風(fēng)險”兩字。 　股指期貨時代的到來，“做多做空都賺錢”的口號撩得人熱血沸騰。股指期貨推出后僅僅兩周的交易，就有許多一夜暴富的新聞見諸報端。其中，在19日暴跌之下，有人因做空一日賺了三四百萬元。劉仲元說：“這或許只是一個傳奇，沒有普遍意義。在期貨業(yè)幾十年里，我見過許多商品期貨的炒家，從幾萬元一夜暴富成幾億元，沒過多久又回到了幾萬元的老位置。為什么?因為他操作正確具有偶然性，實際上還沒有真正地掌握規(guī)律。因此，股指期貨開出來了，投資者千萬別急于求成，千萬別看到少數(shù)人的成功就眼里只有收益而沒有風(fēng)險?！?/p>

“風(fēng)險兩字是期貨投資的老生常談，但真正始終能將風(fēng)險控制得很好的卻少之又少。進(jìn)入股指期貨市場，首先要控制好風(fēng)險，其次才能談盈利?！眲⒅僭J(rèn)為，作為股指期貨的新手，尤其是那些從沒有接觸過商品期貨的投資者，一定要切記，從一手開始做起，從少到多，從小到大，循序漸進(jìn)。一定要扎扎實實走好四步曲，從理論學(xué)習(xí)開始，到模擬交易，再到小單量的實戰(zhàn)交易，然后再開始正式的常規(guī)交易。

不要滿倉不要頻繁操作

“股市的波動對長期投資沒有太大的影響，但期指的波動稍大一些就可能造成爆倉。因此，滿倉對股市投資者可能是一種常態(tài)，但要想成為股指期貨的行家里手，一定要牢記：永遠(yuǎn)不要滿倉!保證金動用不要超過30％?！?/p>

此外，劉仲元建議普通投資者不要頻繁操作。因為買賣期貨除了進(jìn)行套期保值和套利外，就是在趨勢判斷過程當(dāng)中獲取收益。但判斷市場需要很高的技巧，所以劉仲元建議，不要頻繁操作。他指出，投資者看好做一個趨勢、做一個方向性的選擇并持有一段時間比頻繁操作要好，因為頻繁操作就要對市場做出更多的判斷，判斷上漲了就要做多，判斷下跌了就做空，但在期貨市場上，投資者決策越多失誤就會越多，就可能造成越多的損失。

克服“輸?shù)闷疒A不起”的惡習(xí)

第6篇：暑假的收獲范文

[Abstract] Objectives： To evaluate the efficacy of high ligation of varicocele to varicocele-associated severe spermacrasia or azoospermia patients. Methods： 20 varicocele-associated severe spermacrasia （sperm density less than 2 million per ml ）or azoospermia patients（the former is 12 cases ， the latter is 8 cases， gas pains of scrotum is 5 cases）with high ligation of varicocele， sperm quality and gonadal hormones （FSH， LH， T， E2， PRL）of these cases were measured and contrasted before operation and 2， 4， 8 months after operation. 10 varicocele-associated severe spermacrasiaor azoospermia patients refused high ligation of varicocele as control group. Results： Compared with the before operation and 2， 4， 8 months after operation ， the sperm quality and gonadal hormones no significant difference（P>0.05）， but the scrotum gas pains of the patients markedly release or disappear. Compared with the experimental group and control group， the sperm quality and gonadal hormones no significant difference（P>0.05）. Conclusions： The high ligation of varicocele on varicocele-associated severe spermacrasia or azoospermia are inefficiency.It is not to recommend that these patients who want to improve their sperm quality to received the operation.

Key words： Varicocele ; High ligation of varicocele; Treatment; Sperm quality; Gonadal hormone

摘要：[目的]評估精索靜脈曲張高位結(jié)扎術(shù)對精索靜脈曲張致重度少精或無精患者的治療效果。[方法] 精索靜脈曲張致重度少精（密度小于2百萬/毫升）或無精患者20例（其中前者12例、后者8例，伴陰囊墜脹感共有5例）為實驗組，術(shù)前（術(shù)前3天內(nèi)）分析和血清性腺激素（FSH、LH、T、E2和PRL）的變化分別與術(shù)后2月、4月、8月行對比分析。并選用10名精索靜脈曲張致重度少精或無精且不同意手術(shù)患者作為對照組。[結(jié)果] 實驗組患者術(shù)前和術(shù)后2月、4月、8月分析和性腺激素均無明顯變化，差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P>0.05），實驗組與對照組相比亦無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P>0.05）。但5例陰囊墜脹感患者不適癥狀均明顯減輕或消失。 [結(jié)論] 本研究認(rèn)為手術(shù)治療對改善此類患者質(zhì)量無明顯效果，不建議對重度少精或無精，期望改善質(zhì)量患者行手術(shù)治療。

關(guān)鍵詞：精索靜脈曲張;精索靜脈高位結(jié)扎術(shù);治療;質(zhì)量;性激素

中圖分類號：R 699.8 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A

Varicocele （VC） is a common disease of young men， the incidence is about 15% in young and middle-aged men[1]. It is a common cause of male infertility， male sterility brings a lot of damage to some families， for which VC need surgical treatment is always controversial， the effect of surgical treatment in patients with different types of VC perform very inconsistent， but most of the studies didn't have clearly classified for patients with VC. This study focuses on the value of surgical treatment to varicocele-associated severe spermacrasia or azoospermia patients.

1 MATERIALS AND METHODS

1. 1 Materials： 20 varicocele-associated severe spermacrasia （sperm density less than 2 million per ml ） or azoospermia patients have been diagnosed by the Affiliated Hospitla of Qingdao University in August 2012 to August 2013（excluding other causes of severe spermacrasia or azoospermia， among them the former is 12 cases ， the latter is 8 cases， gas pains of scrotum is 5 cases）， 10 varicocele-associated severe spermacrasiaor azoospermia patients refused high ligation of varicocele as control group. The age is 17 to 35 years old， the average age is 23 years old; The course of disease： 3 months to 4 years.

1.2 Research methods

1.2.1 Surgery methods： high ligation of varicocele， surgery time 20 to 40 minutes.

1.2.1 Sperm analysis （sperm quantity， sperm density， percentage of normal sperm， a + b grade sperm vitality） and gonadal hormones（FSH， LH， T， E2， PRL）with radioimmunoassay were measured before operation and 2， 4， 8 months after operation， review and follow-up the patients to realize their condition after surgery.

1.3 Statistical processing： The data are expressed as mean±standard deviation （）. Comparisons between groups were made by means of the independent Student's t test， all analyses were analysed with SPSS11.5 software.

2 RESULTS

2. 1 Contrast sperm analysis before and after operation

Sperm volume of sperm analysis have no obvious statistical significance （t=0.00， P> 0.05） before operation and 2， 4， 8 months after operation; There was no obvious statistical significance （t=1.808， P=0.087>0.05） about normal sperm percentage by comparing preoperation with postoperative 2， 4， 8 months; There was no obvious statistical significance（t=1.786， P=0.09>0.05）about a+b grade sperm vitality by comparing preoperation with postoperative 2， 4， 8 months; Sperm density before operation and 2， 4， 8 months after operation have no obvious statistical significance （t=0.784， P=0.443> 0.05）. Table 1， 2

Table 1 Analysis results of sperm quality preoperation and postoperation （2， 4， 8 months）

Grouping

Sperm volume（ml）

Percentage of normal sperm %

sperm motility（a+b）%

sperm density

（millions/ml）

Preoperation

3.20±0.95

3.68±3.57

2.90±3.03

1.17±0.83

Postoperation（2 months）

3.20±1.15

2.73±2.11

2.30±2.05

1.16±0.84

Postoperation（4 months）

3.02±1.25

3.54±3.10

2.70±2.86

1.20±0.79

Postoperation（8 months）

2.97±1.19

2.95±2.55

2.81±2.59

1.14±0.81

Compared with the preoperation and postoperation （2， 4， 8 months）， the sperm quality no significant difference（P>0.05）

Table 2 Analysis results of sperm quality before diagnosis and after diagnosis （2， 4， 8 months）

Grouping

Sperm volume（ml）

Percentage of normal sperm %

sperm motility（a+b）%

sperm density

（millions/ml）

Before diagnosis

3.15±0.78

3.05±3.41

2.86±2.97

1.13±0.82

After diagnosis（2 months）

3.01±0.95

2.96±2.23

2.66±2.14

1.15±0.79

After diagnosis（4 months）

2.96±1.05

3.42±3.09

2.70±2.97

1.18±0.81

After diagnosis（8 months）

3.11±1.22

2.98±2.34

2.84±2.60

1.17±0.77

Compared with the before diagnosis and after diagnosis （2， 4， 8 months）， the sperm quality no significant difference（P>0.05）; Compared with the experimental group and control group， the sperm quality no significant difference（P>0.05）

2.2 Comparative analysis of gonadal hormone before and after operation

There was no obvious statistical significance（t = 0.134， P = 0.895 > 0.05）of FSH compared with the before operation and 2，4，8 months after operation;There was no obvious statistical significance（t = 0.782， P = 0.444 > 0.05） of LH compared with the before operation and 2，4，8 months after operation; There was no obvious statistical significance（T = 0.427， P = 0.674 > 0.05） of T compared with the before operation and 2，4，8 months after operation; There was no obvious statistical significance（t = 1.62， P = 0.122 > 0.05）of PRL compared with the before operation and 2，4，8 months after operation; There was no obvious statistical significance（t = 1.643， P = 0.117 > 0.05） of E2 compared with the before operation and 2，4，8 months after operation.（table 3， 4）

Table 3 Analysis results of gonadal hormone preoperation and postoperation （2， 4，8 months）

Grouping

FSH（IU/L）

LH（IU/L）

T（ng/ml）

PRL（ng/ml）

E2（pg/ml）

Preoperation

5.88±3.16

5.18±1.39

6.52±4.18

28.49±11.26

28.52±12.80

Postoperation（2 months）

5.90±3.42

5.00±1.30

6.61±4.12

26.89±9.36

30.22±15.19

Postoperation（4 months）

5.62±3.08

5.32±1.44

6.19±3.40

27.25±9.04

29.43±14.36

Postoperation（8 months）

5.85±3.46

4.96±1.37

6.39±3.42

27.66±11.64

29.07±13.73

Compared with the preoperation and postoperation （2， 4， 8 months）， the gonadal hormones no significant difference（P>0.05）

Table 4 Analysis results of gonadal hormone before diagnosis and after diagnosis （2， 4，8 months）

Grouping

FSH（IU/L）

LH（IU/L）

T（ng/ml）

PRL（ng/ml）

E2（pg/ml）

Before diagnosis

5.45±3.22

5.23±1.23

6.36±4.02

26.15±10.76

29.55±12.01

After diagnosis（2 months）

5.64±3.44

5.26±1.37

6.13±4.38

27.84±9.55

30.48±14.17

After diagnosis（4 months）

5.43±3.12

5.14±1.59

6.55±3.76

25.32±9.66

28.55±13.33

After diagnosis（8 months）

5.66±3.77

5.11±1.47

6.10±3.55

27.13±11.17

29.39±12.10

Compared with the before diagnosis and after diagnosis （2， 4， 8 months）， the gonadal hormones no significant difference（P>0.05）; Compared with the experimental group and control group， the gonadal hormones no significant difference（P>0.05）

3 DISCUSSION

Young male of infertility patients that caused by VC is still more， often occur in the patients that diagnosed VC late and did not receive surgical treatment before puberty . Its main treatment is still surgery， some patients use drug as auxiliary treatment， but results are various. On pathology， VC can undermine the anatomy and function of testis gradually， which may be related to poor testicular blood flow， metabolic disorders of testicular tissue ， temperature， increased toxins from the blood and germocyte apoptosis induced by immune factors [2]. The main surgical treatment is high ligation of varicocele（HLV）， some reports discuss the clinical effect of the surgery， but the clinic still have controversy about whether VC patients need active surgical treatment or not and which patients should be treated.

This experiment collects ， follow-ups 20 cases that varicocele-associated severe spermacrasia or azoospermia patients successfully who received HLV operation ，tests and records the change of sperm analysis ， serum gonadal hormone （FSH， LH， T， E2， PRL） in the preoperative 3 days ， 2 months after operation， 4 months after operation and 8 months after operation ，and studys ， compares ， statistical analyzes the above indexes .Result found that sperm count， density and energy of patients have not marked improvement after surgery， postoperative serum gonadal hormone has not obvious change compared with preoperative serum gonadal hormone.PRL in preoperation and postoperation were significantly higher than normal， but other hormones are all in normal range. Compared with the experimental group and control group， the sperm quality and gonadal hormones no significant difference（P>0.05）.

Agarwal A and other people carry out Meta analysis about sperm quality of varicocele-associated infertile patients that received surgical treatment ， prove that sperm vitality， sperm density and normal morphology sperm percentage all have obvious increase after surgery[3]. SHI Qing and other people apply three kinds of HLV operation to 120 cases of VC ， the study found that every sperm indication of three groups patients have not statistical significance before operation， postoperative indications that sperm analysis of three groups were significantly improved compared with preoperation[4]. But none of the above studies according to the pre-operative sperm quality of patients adopt detailed grouping. Peria Zarzuelo E researched 266 cases of two or three degree VC patients that received HLV operation， found that 6 cases of patients have persistent VC ， 23 cases of patients produce the main complications - hydrocele， but overall sperm quality has improved significantly after surgery ， thought VC need operative treatment[5]. However，Gu Xiang and other people found that high ligation of varicocele is very effective to the patients whose total number of sperm is more than 5×106 ，while unsatisfactory for improving sperm quality of severe spermacrasia or azoospermia patients（the total number of moving sperm< 5x106） by analyzing preoperative sperm result and postoperative sperm activity ， restoring index of reproductive function varicocele-associated infertile patients[6]. LI Yajun and other people apply microsurgical ligation of varicocele to 150 cases of asymptomatic varicocele-associated infertility patients from their hospital ， preoperative sperm survival rate is 45.31±12.32（%），sperm density is 13.14±8.06（106/ml），3 months after operation is 44.32±11.89（%）、13.65±8.21（106/ml）， no obvious change between preoperation and postoperation[7]. But Pasqualotto FF and some people research thought that apply ligation of varicocele to varicocele-associated severe spermacrasia or azoospermia patients can improve the total number of moving sperm and pregnancy rate [8]. This study found that the surgical treatment for varicocele-associated severe spermacrasia or azoospermia patients has no obvious effect， conforms to the research of Gu Xiang et al .

Pasqualoto found that the plasma concentrations of LH and T without obvious difference among three groups of patients ，Serum FSH concentration of group 1 was significantly higher than group 2 and group 3 by retrospectively analyzed infertile male with VC（group 1） ，fertile male without VC（group 2） and fertile male with VC（group 3）. And also found that every index has no obvious difference between the VC patients who have no fertility problems and normal men ， so he consider whether suggesting VC patients found occasionally in clinic to received treatment deserving consider[9]. WANG Yixin studied 64 cases of varicocele-associated infertile patients ， found that sperm survival rate， sperm density is lower than the normal group， FSH， LH and T are all in the normal range， serum gonadal hormones had no statistical difference between preoperation and postoperation， but the postoperative sperm quality improved obviously. And they also found that sperm quality of the patients whose FSH are higher before operation had no obvious improvement ，while whose FSH are normal before operation had statistical difference. They think that according to gonadal hormones measure combined sperm analysis ， testicle examination can estimate damage degree of testicle ， have certain reference value for the judgment of the operative prognosis [10]. LU Yanfen and some people measured peripheral blood reproductive hormone levels from 93 cases of patients with different varicose degree ， found that FSH levels increased， but the three reproductive hormones LH， PRL， T have no statistical significance compared with normal group as the VC degree aggravating ， thought that the number of patients with abnormal reproductive hormone levels increased as VC degree aggravating . Reproductive hormone levels had certain reference value which on reflecting the pathophysiological changes of testicular tissue caused by VC[11] .

This study found that postoperative serum gonadal hormone of varicocele-associated severe spermacrasia or azoospermia patients had no obvious change compared with preoperative serum gonadal hormone， PRL in preoperation and postoperation were significantly higher than normal， but other hormones are all in normal range.Serum PRL is a kind of polypeptide hormone ， secreted by the anterior pituitary， can promote leydig cells produce gonadotrophin， enhance the number of LH receptor [12]. Physiological levels of PRL can maintain the high level of the T in the testicle， affect the physiological function of deputy sexual gland ，while FSH and T are the main endocrine hormones that start and maintain spermatogenesis[13] ， both of them promote testicular seminiferous tubule development， spermatogenesis and mature together ， affect the health and reproductive capacity of male offspring directly [14].Serum endocrine hormone measure of azoospermia patients is mainly measure the serum FSH， LH， T and PRL， to confirm whether the testicular function damaged and its damage degree. In this study ，the average of PRL is higher， considering related to testicular damage caused by VC， spermatogenesis ability dropping， PRL feedback-elevated ， HLV has no obvious effectin for improving sperm quality and gonadal hormone of severe spermacrasia or azoospermia patients ， but the unwell symptoms of five cases of patients who combined scrotum gas pains were significantly reduced or disappeared.

It always exist controversy on varicocele treatment of teenagers. Considering the higher morbidity， some patients were suggested receiving selective treatment . This study thinks that the surgical treatment has no obvious effect for sperm quality of such patients ， it is not recommended for severe spermacrasia or azoospermia patients who expect to improve sperm quality to receive surgical treatment， these patients can also consider surgery if they expect to improve the gas pains of scrotum .

References

[1] WU Jieping， Wu Jieping’s General Urology [M]. Beijing： science and technology press， 2004. 846

[2] Bozhedomov VA， Teodorovich OV. Epidemiology and causes of autoimmune male infertility[J]. Urologiia，2005，（1）：35-44

[3] Agarwal A， Deepinder F， Cocuzza M， et al. Efficacy of varicocelectomy in improving semen parameters new meta-analytical approach [J]. Urology， 2007， 70（3）： 532-538

[4] Shi Qing， Zhu Hai， Wang Xinsheng et al， Comparison of 3 microsurgical approaches to the treatment of varicocele： report of 120 cases [J]， National Journal of Andrology 2013， 12 （10） ： 931-934

[5] Peria Zarzuelo E， Caffaratti Sfulcini J， Garat Barredo JM，The treatment of varicocele in adolescents[J].Arch Esp Urol.2004 Nov;57（9）：995-1002

[6] GU Xiang， CHEN Jiacun， SUN Xiaoqing etc ， The Value of Preoperative Semen Analysis as a Restore Index of Fertilizing Capacity after Varicocelectomy [J]， National Journal of Andrology ， 2006 Feb， 12 （2） ： 145-147

[7] LI Yajun， The clinical study about microsurgical ligation of varicocele treating asymptomatic varicocele-associated infertility[J]， contemporary medical in August 2011，17（24）， 251 ：69-69

[8] Pasqualotto FF， Lucon AM， de Goes PM， et al. Testicular growth， sperm concentration， percentmotility， and pregnancy outcome after varicocelectomy based on testicular histology [J]. Fertil Steril 2005，83（2）： 362-366

[9] Pasqualotto FF， Lucon AM， de Goes PM， et al. Semen Profile， testicular volume， and hormonal leavls in infertile Patients with varicoceles compared with fertile men with and without varicoceles [J]. Fe rtil Steril 2005： 83 （l）： 74-77

[10] WANG Yixin BO Juanjie， QIAN Xianming，et al. Changes of serum inhibinB of infertility man with varicocele before and after surgery [J]， journal of reproductive medicine in March 1998， 7 （1） 13-17

[11] LuYanFen Zhang Shouxin Zhao Junjie， reproductive hormone level and the degree of the varicocele study [J]， the relation of the contemporary medical volume on March 18， 2012 7 270 109-110

[12] Gorona G，Rastrelli G，Boddi V，et al. Prolactin levels independently predict major cardiovascular events in patients with erectile dysfunction [J]. Int J Androl，2011，34（3）： 217-224

[13] Tang Wenhao， Jiang Hui， horse firm， Lin etc， Male infertility patients with the relationship between sperm morphology analysis and reproductive hormones study [J]. National Journal of Andrology， 2012， 19 （3） ： 243-247

[14] Deng Yunshan， Zhou Jinfang， Li Xiayun etc， kirin pill combined bromine hidden pavilion in the treatment of idiopathic hyperprolactinemia is little weak sperm disease clinical research [J]， National Journal of Andrology， 2013 Oct， 19 （10） ： 940-944

作者：賈月峰 （1982-） 碩士 主治醫(yī)師 泌尿外科學(xué)

第7篇：暑假的收獲范文

My holiday summer

It was the first day of our summer holiday. All of us were very happy. Why? Because we have one months to do things we love to do. We are free.

Although we have some homework. But we can finish them in several days. And the rest time we can make good use of. My god! We have been very tired after hard studying. In summer holidays I want to have full sleepand eat good food in order to replenish myself.

Last but not the least I will have a good rest.

【參考譯文】

這是第一天，我們的暑假。我們大家都非常高興。為什么?因為我們有一個月的事我們都愛做的事。我們很空閑。

雖然我們有一些功課。但是，我們可以完成他們的若干天。其余的時間我們可以好好利用。我的上帝!我們已經(jīng)很疲憊后很難學(xué)習(xí)。在夏季假期，我希望能有充分的很好吃的食物，以補充自己。

最后但并非最不重要，我會好好休息。

 

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My summer vacation plan

I am going back to my hometown this summer.I will take a good rest when I get home after a year's hard work. I will eat all the nice foods I have been missing for so many years. I will find a good badminton coach to help me improve my skills.And I will try to see all my childhood friends and pay a visit to my high school teacher, who has played an important role in my life.In August, I will have this Yangzi river cruise with my parents. Right now, I keep thinking all the fun things that I would like to do in summer: chatting on line, dancing, going to the beach, clothes shopping, reading one or two nice books, seeing some nice movies,more and more....Summer vacation is the best time of the year. I can plan lots of fun things and I can carry them out. It is like I can do whatever I want.Oh, I just can't wait for it! ·暑假第一天 ·暑假見聞 ·暑假一日游 ·暑假趣事的作文 ·暑假計劃作文

·英語作文：暑假的收獲 ·暑假記事作文3篇 ·暑假游記作文3篇 ·暑假英語小作文

第9篇：暑假的收獲范文

今天距離暑假放假已經(jīng)過去了半月有余，我一直在思考，我是否荒廢了時光？把整天用來學(xué)習(xí)的時間用去玩游戲，卻冠冕堂皇地用休息，緩和心態(tài)這般無知的說法去掩飾。我很想說出沒有這個詞，但事實也許并非我想的那樣簡單，累，是我對暑假生活的最初印象。

可這也是沒有辦法的事，一年之后，不，還無須到一年，我就要參加人生中第二次決定命運的考試——中考。我的心情可謂是百般焦急，我不愿輸，也不敢輸，更不能輸。為此，我唯有拼搏努力，為考上理想的高中而奮斗。可這并非光說嘴皮子就可以改變的，想要在短時間內(nèi)提升我的成績，暑假的時間必然不可浪費，故我的生活逐漸變得枯燥無味，卻又如同機械一般精準(zhǔn)。

過不了多久，我就得過著這樣一種生活——每天出去散步，散完步回來就做作業(yè)，隨后就去上補習(xí)班，開啟一天的學(xué)習(xí)生涯?？晌矣钟惺裁崔k法呢？努力耕耘不一定會有收獲，但不耕耘，就一定不會有收獲。故唯有拼過，方才能不會后悔，無聊而又無奈的一天！